Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into v1

.flake8

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[flake8]
+max-line-length = 120

.travis.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,9 @@ cache:
   - node_modules
 
 go:
-- 1.2.x
-- 1.3.x
-- 1.4.2
-- 1.5.x
 - 1.6.x
 - 1.7.x
+- 1.8.x
 - master
 
 matrix:
@@ -23,10 +20,12 @@ matrix:
     os: osx
   - go: 1.7.x
     os: osx
+  - go: 1.8.x
+    os: osx
 
 before_script:
 - go get github.com/urfave/gfmrun/... || true
-- go get golang.org/x/tools/... || true
+- go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
 - if [ ! -f node_modules/.bin/markdown-toc ] ; then
     npm install markdown-toc ;
   fi

README.md

@@ -455,13 +455,13 @@ error.
 
 Flags for the application and commands are shown in the order they are defined.
 However, it's possible to sort them from outside this library by using `FlagsByName`
-with `sort`.
+or `CommandsByName` with `sort`.
 
 For example this:
 
 <!-- {
   "args": ["&#45;&#45;help"],
-  "output": "Load configuration from FILE\n.*Language for the greeting.*"
+  "output": "add a task to the list\n.*complete a task on the list\n.*\n\n.*\n.*Load configuration from FILE\n.*Language for the greeting.*"
 } -->
 ``` go
 package main
@@ -488,7 +488,27 @@ func main() {
     },
   }
 
+  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
+    {
+      Name:    "complete",
+      Aliases: []string{"c"},
+      Usage:   "complete a task on the list",
+      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
+        return nil
+      },
+    },
+    {
+      Name:    "add",
+      Aliases: []string{"a"},
+      Usage:   "add a task to the list",
+      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
+        return nil
+      },
+    },
+  }
+
   sort.Sort(cli.FlagsByName(app.Flags))
+  sort.Sort(cli.CommandsByName(app.Commands))
 
   app.Run(os.Args)
 }
@@ -940,16 +960,13 @@ SUPPORT: support@awesometown.example.com
   cli.AppHelpTemplate = `NAME:
    {{.Name}} - {{.Usage}}
 USAGE:
-   {{.HelpName}} {{if .VisibleFlags}}[global options]{{end}}{{if .Commands}} command
+   {{.HelpName}} {{if .VisibleFlags}}[global options]{{end}}{{if .Commands}} command [command options]{{end}} {{if .ArgsUsage}}{{.ArgsUsage}}{{else}}[arguments...]{{end}}
-[command options]{{end}} {{if
-.ArgsUsage}}{{.ArgsUsage}}{{else}}[arguments...]{{end}}
    {{if len .Authors}}
-AUTHOR(S):
+AUTHOR:
    {{range .Authors}}{{ . }}{{end}}
    {{end}}{{if .Commands}}
 COMMANDS:
-{{range .Commands}}{{if not .HideHelp}}   {{join .Names ", "}}{{ "\t"
+{{range .Commands}}{{if not .HideHelp}}   {{join .Names ", "}}{{ "\t"}}{{.Usage}}{{ "\n" }}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .VisibleFlags}}
-}}{{.Usage}}{{ "\n" }}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .VisibleFlags}}
 GLOBAL OPTIONS:
    {{range .VisibleFlags}}{{.}}
    {{end}}{{end}}{{if .Copyright }}

altsrc/flag_test.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func TestStringSliceApplyInputSourceValue(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:     NewStringSliceFlag(cli.StringSliceFlag{Name: "test"}),
 		FlagName: "test",
-		MapValue: []string{"hello", "world"},
+		MapValue: []interface{}{"hello", "world"},
 	})
 	expect(t, c.StringSlice("test"), []string{"hello", "world"})
 }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func TestStringSliceApplyInputSourceMethodContextSet(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:               NewStringSliceFlag(cli.StringSliceFlag{Name: "test"}),
 		FlagName:           "test",
-		MapValue:           []string{"hello", "world"},
+		MapValue:           []interface{}{"hello", "world"},
 		ContextValueString: "ohno",
 	})
 	expect(t, c.StringSlice("test"), []string{"ohno"})
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestStringSliceApplyInputSourceMethodEnvVarSet(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:        NewStringSliceFlag(cli.StringSliceFlag{Name: "test", EnvVar: "TEST"}),
 		FlagName:    "test",
-		MapValue:    []string{"hello", "world"},
+		MapValue:    []interface{}{"hello", "world"},
 		EnvVarName:  "TEST",
 		EnvVarValue: "oh,no",
 	})
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func TestIntSliceApplyInputSourceValue(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:     NewIntSliceFlag(cli.IntSliceFlag{Name: "test"}),
 		FlagName: "test",
-		MapValue: []int{1, 2},
+		MapValue: []interface{}{1, 2},
 	})
 	expect(t, c.IntSlice("test"), []int{1, 2})
 }
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func TestIntSliceApplyInputSourceMethodContextSet(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:               NewIntSliceFlag(cli.IntSliceFlag{Name: "test"}),
 		FlagName:           "test",
-		MapValue:           []int{1, 2},
+		MapValue:           []interface{}{1, 2},
 		ContextValueString: "3",
 	})
 	expect(t, c.IntSlice("test"), []int{3})
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func TestIntSliceApplyInputSourceMethodEnvVarSet(t *testing.T) {
 	c := runTest(t, testApplyInputSource{
 		Flag:        NewIntSliceFlag(cli.IntSliceFlag{Name: "test", EnvVar: "TEST"}),
 		FlagName:    "test",
-		MapValue:    []int{1, 2},
+		MapValue:    []interface{}{1, 2},
 		EnvVarName:  "TEST",
 		EnvVarValue: "3,4",
 	})

altsrc/map_input_source.go

@@ -130,45 +130,59 @@ func (fsm *MapInputSource) String(name string) (string, error) {
 // StringSlice returns an []string from the map if it exists otherwise returns nil
 func (fsm *MapInputSource) StringSlice(name string) ([]string, error) {
 	otherGenericValue, exists := fsm.valueMap[name]
-	if exists {
+	if !exists {
-		otherValue, isType := otherGenericValue.([]string)
+		otherGenericValue, exists = nestedVal(name, fsm.valueMap)
-		if !isType {
+		if !exists {
-			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]string", otherGenericValue)
+			return nil, nil
 		}
-		return otherValue, nil
-	}
-	nestedGenericValue, exists := nestedVal(name, fsm.valueMap)
-	if exists {
-		otherValue, isType := nestedGenericValue.([]string)
-		if !isType {
-			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]string", nestedGenericValue)
-		}
-		return otherValue, nil
 	}
 
-	return nil, nil
+	otherValue, isType := otherGenericValue.([]interface{})
+	if !isType {
+		return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]interface{}", otherGenericValue)
+	}
+
+	var stringSlice = make([]string, 0, len(otherValue))
+	for i, v := range otherValue {
+		stringValue, isType := v.(string)
+
+		if !isType {
+			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(fmt.Sprintf("%s[%d]", name, i), "string", v)
+		}
+
+		stringSlice = append(stringSlice, stringValue)
+	}
+
+	return stringSlice, nil
 }
 
 // IntSlice returns an []int from the map if it exists otherwise returns nil
 func (fsm *MapInputSource) IntSlice(name string) ([]int, error) {
 	otherGenericValue, exists := fsm.valueMap[name]
-	if exists {
+	if !exists {
-		otherValue, isType := otherGenericValue.([]int)
+		otherGenericValue, exists = nestedVal(name, fsm.valueMap)
-		if !isType {
+		if !exists {
-			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]int", otherGenericValue)
+			return nil, nil
 		}
-		return otherValue, nil
-	}
-	nestedGenericValue, exists := nestedVal(name, fsm.valueMap)
-	if exists {
-		otherValue, isType := nestedGenericValue.([]int)
-		if !isType {
-			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]int", nestedGenericValue)
-		}
-		return otherValue, nil
 	}
 
-	return nil, nil
+	otherValue, isType := otherGenericValue.([]interface{})
+	if !isType {
+		return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(name, "[]interface{}", otherGenericValue)
+	}
+
+	var intSlice = make([]int, 0, len(otherValue))
+	for i, v := range otherValue {
+		intValue, isType := v.(int)
+
+		if !isType {
+			return nil, incorrectTypeForFlagError(fmt.Sprintf("%s[%d]", name, i), "int", v)
+		}
+
+		intSlice = append(intSlice, intValue)
+	}
+
+	return intSlice, nil
 }
 
 // Generic returns an cli.Generic from the map if it exists otherwise returns nil

altsrc/toml_file_loader.go

@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ func unmarshalMap(i interface{}) (ret map[interface{}]interface{}, err error) {
 			} else {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-		case reflect.Array:
+		case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
-			fallthrough // [todo] - Support array type
+			ret[key] = val.([]interface{})
 		default:
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unsupported: type = %#v", v.Kind())
 		}

command.go

@@ -61,6 +61,20 @@ type Command struct {
 	commandNamePath []string
 }
 
+type CommandsByName []Command
+
+func (c CommandsByName) Len() int {
+	return len(c)
+}
+
+func (c CommandsByName) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return c[i].Name < c[j].Name
+}
+
+func (c CommandsByName) Swap(i, j int) {
+	c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i]
+}
+
 // FullName returns the full name of the command.
 // For subcommands this ensures that parent commands are part of the command path
 func (c Command) FullName() string {
@@ -230,11 +244,9 @@ func (c Command) startApp(ctx *Context) error {
 		app.HelpName = app.Name
 	}
 
-	if c.Description != "" {
+	app.Usage = c.Usage
-		app.Usage = c.Description
+	app.Description = c.Description
-	} else {
+	app.ArgsUsage = c.ArgsUsage
-		app.Usage = c.Usage
-	}
 
 	// set CommandNotFound
 	app.CommandNotFound = ctx.App.CommandNotFound
@@ -250,6 +262,7 @@ func (c Command) startApp(ctx *Context) error {
 	app.Author = ctx.App.Author
 	app.Email = ctx.App.Email
 	app.Writer = ctx.App.Writer
+	app.ErrWriter = ctx.App.ErrWriter
 
 	app.categories = CommandCategories{}
 	for _, command := range c.Subcommands {

command_test.go

@@ -153,3 +153,32 @@ func TestCommand_OnUsageError_WithWrongFlagValue(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Expect an intercepted error, but got \"%v\"", err)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCommand_Run_SubcommandsCanUseErrWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	app := NewApp()
+	app.ErrWriter = ioutil.Discard
+	app.Commands = []Command{
+		{
+			Name:  "bar",
+			Usage: "this is for testing",
+			Subcommands: []Command{
+				{
+					Name:  "baz",
+					Usage: "this is for testing",
+					Action: func(c *Context) error {
+						if c.App.ErrWriter != ioutil.Discard {
+							return fmt.Errorf("ErrWriter not passed")
+						}
+
+						return nil
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := app.Run([]string{"foo", "bar", "baz"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}

errors.go

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func (ee *ExitError) ExitCode() int {
 // HandleExitCoder checks if the error fulfills the ExitCoder interface, and if
 // so prints the error to stderr (if it is non-empty) and calls OsExiter with the
 // given exit code.  If the given error is a MultiError, then this func is
-// called on all members of the Errors slice.
+// called on all members of the Errors slice and calls OsExiter with the last exit code.
 func HandleExitCoder(err error) {
 	if err == nil {
 		return
@@ -93,18 +93,23 @@ func HandleExitCoder(err error) {
 	}
 
 	if multiErr, ok := err.(MultiError); ok {
-		for _, merr := range multiErr.Errors {
+		code := handleMultiError(multiErr)
-			HandleExitCoder(merr)
+		OsExiter(code)
-		}
 		return
 	}
+}
 
-	if err.Error() != "" {
+func handleMultiError(multiErr MultiError) int {
-		if _, ok := err.(ErrorFormatter); ok {
+	code := 1
-			fmt.Fprintf(ErrWriter, "%+v\n", err)
+	for _, merr := range multiErr.Errors {
+		if multiErr2, ok := merr.(MultiError); ok {
+			code = handleMultiError(multiErr2)
 		} else {
-			fmt.Fprintln(ErrWriter, err)
+			fmt.Fprintln(ErrWriter, merr)
+			if exitErr, ok := merr.(ExitCoder); ok {
+				code = exitErr.ExitCode()
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	OsExiter(1)
+	return code
 }

errors_test.go

@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	called := false
 
 	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		exitCode = rc
+		if !called {
-		called = true
+			exitCode = rc
+			called = true
+		}
 	}
 
 	defer func() { OsExiter = fakeOsExiter }()
@@ -29,8 +31,10 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_ExitCoder(t *testing.T) {
 	called := false
 
 	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		exitCode = rc
+		if !called {
-		called = true
+			exitCode = rc
+			called = true
+		}
 	}
 
 	defer func() { OsExiter = fakeOsExiter }()
@@ -46,66 +50,23 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_MultiErrorWithExitCoder(t *testing.T) {
 	called := false
 
 	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		exitCode = rc
+		if !called {
-		called = true
+			exitCode = rc
+			called = true
+		}
 	}
 
 	defer func() { OsExiter = fakeOsExiter }()
 
 	exitErr := NewExitError("galactic perimeter breach", 9)
-	err := NewMultiError(errors.New("wowsa"), errors.New("egad"), exitErr)
+	exitErr2 := NewExitError("last ExitCoder", 11)
+	err := NewMultiError(errors.New("wowsa"), errors.New("egad"), exitErr, exitErr2)
 	HandleExitCoder(err)
 
-	expect(t, exitCode, 9)
+	expect(t, exitCode, 11)
 	expect(t, called, true)
 }
 
-func TestHandleExitCoder_ErrorWithMessage(t *testing.T) {
-	exitCode := 0
-	called := false
-
-	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		exitCode = rc
-		called = true
-	}
-	ErrWriter = &bytes.Buffer{}
-
-	defer func() {
-		OsExiter = fakeOsExiter
-		ErrWriter = fakeErrWriter
-	}()
-
-	err := errors.New("gourd havens")
-	HandleExitCoder(err)
-
-	expect(t, exitCode, 1)
-	expect(t, called, true)
-	expect(t, ErrWriter.(*bytes.Buffer).String(), "gourd havens\n")
-}
-
-func TestHandleExitCoder_ErrorWithoutMessage(t *testing.T) {
-	exitCode := 0
-	called := false
-
-	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		exitCode = rc
-		called = true
-	}
-	ErrWriter = &bytes.Buffer{}
-
-	defer func() {
-		OsExiter = fakeOsExiter
-		ErrWriter = fakeErrWriter
-	}()
-
-	err := errors.New("")
-	HandleExitCoder(err)
-
-	expect(t, exitCode, 1)
-	expect(t, called, true)
-	expect(t, ErrWriter.(*bytes.Buffer).String(), "")
-}
-
 // make a stub to not import pkg/errors
 type ErrorWithFormat struct {
 	error
@@ -123,7 +84,9 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_ErrorWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	called := false
 
 	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		called = true
+		if !called {
+			called = true
+		}
 	}
 	ErrWriter = &bytes.Buffer{}
 
@@ -132,7 +95,7 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_ErrorWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		ErrWriter = fakeErrWriter
 	}()
 
-	err := NewErrorWithFormat("I am formatted")
+	err := NewExitError(NewErrorWithFormat("I am formatted"), 1)
 	HandleExitCoder(err)
 
 	expect(t, called, true)
@@ -143,7 +106,9 @@ func TestHandleExitCoder_MultiErrorWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	called := false
 
 	OsExiter = func(rc int) {
-		called = true
+		if !called {
+			called = true
+		}
 	}
 	ErrWriter = &bytes.Buffer{}
 

flag_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
+	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -31,57 +32,57 @@ func TestBoolFlagHelpOutput(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestFlagsFromEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	var flagTests = []struct {
-		input  string
+		input     string
-		output interface{}
+		output    interface{}
-		flag   Flag
+		flag      Flag
-		err    error
+		errRegexp string
 	}{
-		{"", false, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"", false, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"1", true, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"1", true, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"false", false, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"false", false, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"foobar", true, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as bool value for flag debug: strconv.ParseBool: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", true, BoolFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as bool value for flag debug: .*`)},
 
-		{"", false, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"", false, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"1", true, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"1", true, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"false", false, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, nil},
+		{"false", false, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, ""},
-		{"foobar", true, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as bool value for flag debug: strconv.ParseBool: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", true, BoolTFlag{Name: "debug", EnvVar: "DEBUG"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as bool value for flag debug: .*`)},
 
-		{"1s", 1 * time.Second, DurationFlag{Name: "time", EnvVar: "TIME"}, nil},
+		{"1s", 1 * time.Second, DurationFlag{Name: "time", EnvVar: "TIME"}, ""},
-		{"foobar", false, DurationFlag{Name: "time", EnvVar: "TIME"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as duration for flag time: time: invalid duration foobar`)},
+		{"foobar", false, DurationFlag{Name: "time", EnvVar: "TIME"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as duration for flag time: .*`)},
 
-		{"1.2", 1.2, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1.2", 1.2, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1", 1.0, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1", 1.0, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"foobar", 0, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as float64 value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseFloat: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", 0, Float64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as float64 value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"1", int64(1), Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1", int64(1), Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2", 0, Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2 as int value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2", 0, Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2 as int value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", 0, Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as int value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", 0, Int64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as int value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"1", 1, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1", 1, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2", 0, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2 as int value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2", 0, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2 as int value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", 0, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as int value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", 0, IntFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as int value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"1,2", IntSlice{1, 2}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1,2", IntSlice{1, 2}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2,2", IntSlice{}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2,2 as int slice value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2,2", IntSlice{}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2,2 as int slice value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", IntSlice{}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as int slice value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", IntSlice{}, IntSliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as int slice value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"1,2", Int64Slice{1, 2}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1,2", Int64Slice{1, 2}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2,2", Int64Slice{}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2,2 as int64 slice value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2,2", Int64Slice{}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2,2 as int64 slice value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", Int64Slice{}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as int64 slice value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseInt: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", Int64Slice{}, Int64SliceFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as int64 slice value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"foo", "foo", StringFlag{Name: "name", EnvVar: "NAME"}, nil},
+		{"foo", "foo", StringFlag{Name: "name", EnvVar: "NAME"}, ""},
 
-		{"foo,bar", StringSlice{"foo", "bar"}, StringSliceFlag{Name: "names", EnvVar: "NAMES"}, nil},
+		{"foo,bar", StringSlice{"foo", "bar"}, StringSliceFlag{Name: "names", EnvVar: "NAMES"}, ""},
 
-		{"1", uint(1), UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1", uint(1), UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2", 0, UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2 as uint value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseUint: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2", 0, UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2 as uint value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", 0, UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as uint value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseUint: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", 0, UintFlag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as uint value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"1", uint64(1), Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, nil},
+		{"1", uint64(1), Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, ""},
-		{"1.2", 0, Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse 1.2 as uint64 value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseUint: parsing "1.2": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"1.2", 0, Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse 1.2 as uint64 value for flag seconds: .*`)},
-		{"foobar", 0, Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Errorf(`could not parse foobar as uint64 value for flag seconds: strconv.ParseUint: parsing "foobar": invalid syntax`)},
+		{"foobar", 0, Uint64Flag{Name: "seconds", EnvVar: "SECONDS"}, fmt.Sprintf(`could not parse foobar as uint64 value for flag seconds: .*`)},
 
-		{"foo,bar", &Parser{"foo", "bar"}, GenericFlag{Name: "names", Value: &Parser{}, EnvVar: "NAMES"}, nil},
+		{"foo,bar", &Parser{"foo", "bar"}, GenericFlag{Name: "names", Value: &Parser{}, EnvVar: "NAMES"}, ""},
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range flagTests {
@@ -98,8 +99,19 @@ func TestFlagsFromEnv(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		err := a.Run([]string{"run"})
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(test.err, err) {
+
-			t.Errorf("expected error %s, got error %s", test.err, err)
+		if test.errRegexp != "" {
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Errorf("expected error to match %s, got none", test.errRegexp)
+			} else {
+				if matched, _ := regexp.MatchString(test.errRegexp, err.Error()); !matched {
+					t.Errorf("expected error to match %s, got error %s", test.errRegexp, err)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			if err != nil && test.errRegexp == "" {
+				t.Errorf("expected no error got %s", err)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

help.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ OPTIONS:
 // cli.go uses text/template to render templates. You can
 // render custom help text by setting this variable.
 var SubcommandHelpTemplate = `NAME:
-   {{.HelpName}} - {{.Usage}}
+   {{.HelpName}} - {{if .Description}}{{.Description}}{{else}}{{.Usage}}{{end}}
 
 USAGE:
    {{.HelpName}} command{{if .VisibleFlags}} [command options]{{end}} {{if .ArgsUsage}}{{.ArgsUsage}}{{else}}[arguments...]{{end}}